sweetseven

Adenoviruses

2008-09-10T22:01:00.001-07:00

Adenoviruses are viruses that carry their genetic material in the form of double-stranded DNA. They cause respiratory (especially the common cold), intestinal, and eye infections in humans. When these viruses infect a host cell, they introduce their DNA molecule into the host. The genetic material of the adenoviruses is not incorporated (transient) into the host cell's genetic material. The DNA molecule is left free in the nucleus of the host cell, and the instructions in this extra DNA molecule are transcribed just like any other gene. The only difference is that these extra genes are not replicated when the cell is about to undergo cell division so the descendants of that cell will not have the extra gene. As a result, treatment with the adenovirus will require readministration in a growing cell population although the absence of integration into the host cell's genome should prevent the type of cancer seen in the SCID trials. This vector system has shown real promise in treating cancer and indeed the first gene therapy product to be licensed to treat cancer is an adenovirus.

Dendrimers

2008-08-26T23:14:00.000-07:00

A dendrimer is a highly branched macromolecule with a spherical shape. The surface of the particle may be functionalized in many ways and many of the properties of the resulting construct are determined by its surface.

In particular it is possible to construct a cationic dendrimer, i.e. one with a positive surface charge. When in the presence of genetic material such as DNA or RNA, charge complimentarity leads to a temporary association of the nucleic acid with the cationic dendrimer. On reaching its destination the dendrimer-nucleic acid complex is then taken into the cell via endocytosis.

In recent years the benchmark for transfection agents has been cationic lipids. Limitations of these competing reagents have been reported to include: the lack of ability to transfect a number of cell types, the lack of robust active targeting capabilities, incompatibility with animal models, and toxicity. Dendrimers offer robust covalent construction and extreme control over molecule structure, and therefore size. Together these give compelling advantages compared to existing approaches.

VersionTracker

2008-08-22T22:49:00.000-07:00

VersionTracker.com is a website that tracks software releases. It started out originally as a Mac OS software tracker, eventually expanding into Mac OS X, Microsoft Windows and Palm OS.

VersionTracker does not host the majority of the software listed (it merely links to them), only in special agreements with the developers.

VersionTracker also offers a software called VersionTracker Pro that checks software versions on a user's computer and then queries its database to see if any updates are available. This feature is available only to paid subscribers. Browsing and searching the database is free.

Strapdown systems

2008-08-12T22:19:00.000-07:00

Lightweight digital computers permit the system to eliminate the gimbals, creating "strapdown" systems, so called because their sensors are simply strapped to the vehicle. This reduces the cost, eliminates gimbal lock, removes the need for some calibrations, and increases the reliability by eliminating some of the moving parts. Angular rate sensors called "rate gyros" measure how the angular velocity of the vehicle changes.

A strapdown system has a dynamic measurement range several hundred times that required by a gimbaled system. That is, it must integrate the vehicle's attitude changes in pitch, roll and yaw, as well as gross movements. Gimballed systems could usually do well with update rates of 50 to 60 updates per second. However, strapdown systems normally update about 2000 times per second. The higher rate is needed to keep the maximum angular measurement within a practical range for real rate gyros: about 4 milliradians. Most rate gyros are now laser interferometers.

The data updating algorithms ("direction cosines" or "quaternions") involved are too complex to be accurately performed except by digital electronics. However, digital computers are now so inexpensive and fast that rate gyro systems can now be practically used and mass-produced. The Apollo lunar module used a strapdown system in its backup Abort Guidance System (AGS).

Strapdown systems are nowadays commonly used in commercial and tactical applications (arcraft, missiles, etc). However they are still not widespread in applications where superb accuracy is required (like submarine navigation or strategic ICBM guidance).

Run-time system

2008-08-06T21:40:00.000-07:00

In computer science, the runtime system is software that provides services for a running program but is itself not considered to be part of the operating system.[citation needed]

Examples include:

* the code that is generated by the compiler to manage the runtime stack.

* library code for handling memory management (for example, malloc).

* code that handles dynamic loading and linking.

* debugger code that is generated at compile time or run time.

* application-level thread management code.

Byte-code interpreters and virtual machines can also be considered runtime systems. Services that run in concurrent processes are more likely to be considered middleware.

Data stream

2008-07-30T23:09:00.000-07:00

This article is about the more general meaning of the term "data stream". For the UK-specific DSL technology called "Datastream", also see the IP Stream article.

In telecommunications and computing, a data stream is a sequence of digitally encoded coherent signals (packets of data or datapackets) used to transmit or receive information that is in transmission.

In electronics and computer architecture, a data stream determines for which time which data item is scheduled to enter or leave which port of a systolic array, a Reconfigurable Data Path Array or similar pipe network, or other processing unit or block. Often the data stream is seen as the counterpart of an instruction stream, since the von Neumann machine is instruction-stream-driven, whereas its counterpart, the Anti machine is data-stream-driven.

Non-SQL databases

2008-07-23T22:21:00.000-07:00

Another solution would be to use an object-oriented database management system, which, as the name implies, is a database designed specifically for working with object-oriented values. Using an OODBMS would eliminate the need for converting data to and from its SQL form, as the data would be stored in its original object representation.

Databases such as Caché do not require manual ORM. SQL access to non-scalar values is already built in. Caché allows the developer to design any combination of OO and table structured storage within the database instead of resorting to external tool sets.

Object-oriented databases have yet to come into widespread use. One of their main limitations is that switching from an SQL DBMS to a purely object-oriented DBMS means you lose the capability to create SQL queries, a tried and tested method for retrieving ad-hoc combinations of data. For this reason, many programmers find themselves more at home with an object-SQL mapping system, even though most commercial object-oriented databases are able to process SQL queries to a limited extent. Caché has a built-in SQL parser so that interrogations on the object may be done in a straightforward SQL manner.

Data governance

2008-07-16T05:35:00.000-07:00

Data governance encompasses the people, processes and technology required to create a consistent, enterprise view of an organisation's data in order to:

* Increase consistency & confidence in decision making
* Decrease the risk of regulatory fines
* Improve data security
* Maximize the income generation potential of data
* Designate accountability for information quality

Data Governance initiatives improve data quality by assigning a team responsible solely for data's accuracy, accessibility, consistency, and completeness, among other metrics. This team usually consists of executive leadership, project management, line-of-business managers, and data stewards. The team usually employs some form of methodology for tracking and improving enterprise data, such as six sigma, and tools for data mapping, profiling, cleansing and monitoring data.

Database transaction

2008-07-10T00:21:00.000-07:00

A database transaction is a unit of work performed against a database management system or similar system that is treated in a coherent and reliable way independent of other transactions. A database transaction, by definition, must be atomic, consistent, isolated and durable. These properties of database transactions are often referred to by the acronym ACID.

Transactions provide an "all-or-nothing" proposition stating that work units performed in a database must be completed in their entirety or take no effect whatsoever. Further, transactions must be isolated from other transactions, results must conform to existing constraints in the database and transactions that complete successfully must be committed to durable storage.

Anti-spam techniques

2008-07-02T23:17:00.000-07:00

The U.S. Department of Energy Computer Incident Advisory Capability (CIAC) has provided specific countermeasures against electronic mail spamming.

Some popular methods for filtering and refusing spam include e-mail filtering based on the content of the e-mail, DNS-based blackhole lists (DNSBL), greylisting, spamtraps, Enforcing technical requirements of e-mail (SMTP), checksumming systems to detect bulk email, and by putting some sort of cost on the sender via a Proof-of-work system or a micropayment. Each method has strengths and weaknesses and each is controversial due to its weaknesses.

MUC (Message Unlock Code)

2008-06-24T22:58:00.000-07:00

MUC (Message Unlock Code)used to initiate trust. If a message is sent to a new recipient, the system generates a random MUC. The sender communicates the MUC to the recipient by using another communication channel than email, e.g. personally, by phone or SMS for security reasons (Out-of-band). With the MUC the recipient gets access to the secure message and confidential documents and can download them. If the recipient has already been in contact with the sender through secure messaging and is enrolled, a MUC is no longer required.

Types of Trojan horse payloads

2008-06-18T22:08:00.000-07:00

Trojan horse payloads are almost always designed to do various harmful things, but can also be harmless. They are broken down in classification based on how they breach and damage systems. The six main types of Trojan horse payloads are:

* Remote Access
* Data Destruction
* Downloader
* Server Trojan(Proxy, FTP , IRC, Email, HTTP/HTTPS, etc.)
* Security software disabler
* Denial-of-service attack (DoS)

Some examples of damage are:

* Erasing or overwriting data on a computer
* Encrypting files in a cryptoviral extortion attack
* Corrupting files in a subtle way
* Upload and download files
* Copying fake links, which lead to false websites, chats, or other account based websites, showing any local account name on the computer falsely engaging in untrue context
* Showing fake downloads of software movies, games, porn videos and porn websites, that you did not download nor go on.
* Allowing remote access to the victim's computer. This is called a RAT (remote access trojan)
* Spreading other malware, such as viruses: this type of Trojan horse is called a 'dropper' or 'vector'
* Setting up networks of zombie computers in order to launch DDoS attacks or send spam.
* Spying on the user of a computer and covertly reporting data like browsing habits to other people (see the article on spyware)
* Making screenshots
* Logging keystrokes to steal information such as passwords and credit card numbers
* Phishing for bank or other account details, which can be used for criminal activities
* Installing a backdoor on a computer system
* Opening and closing CD-ROM tray
* Playing sounds, videos or displaying images.
* Calling using the modem to expensive numbers, thus causing massive phone bills.
* Harvesting e-mail addresses and using them for spam
* Restarting the computer whenever the infected program is started
* Deactivating or interfering with anti-virus and firewall programs
* Deactivating or interfering with other competing forms of malware
* Randomly shutting off the computer
* A virus

Conceptual system

2008-06-11T23:25:00.000-07:00

A conceptual system is simply a model. There is no limitations on this kind of model whatsoever except those of human imagination. If there is an experimentally verified correspondence between a conceptual system and a physical system then that conceptual system models the physical system. "values, ideas, and beliefs that make up every persons view of the world": that is a model of the world; a conceptual system that is a model of a physical system (the world). The person who has that model is a physical system.

In psychology and social work, when they talk about a conceptual system, they are referring to some person's model of the world, but if they try to understand that model, they end up making a model of that model, which is just a model of the person's behavior. In any case, this is exactly the purpose of the general term "conceptual systems".

Psychosynthesis

2008-06-03T23:36:00.000-07:00

Psychosynthesis is an original approach to psychology that was developed by Roberto Assagioli. He considered it an Existential psychology which includes spiritual goals and concepts. Psychosynthesis was not intended to be a school of thought or an exclusive method but many conferences and publications had it as central theme and centers were formed in Italy and the USA in the 1960s.

Psychosynthesis departed from the empirical foundations of psychology in that it studied a person as a personality and a soul but Assagioli continued to insist that it was scientific. Assagioli developed therapeutic methods other than what was found in psychoanalysis. Although the unconscious is an important part of the theory, Assagioli was careful to maintain a balance with rational, conscious therapeutical work.

Microsoft Public License (Ms-PL)

2008-05-28T22:29:00.000-07:00

This is the least restrictive of the Microsoft licenses and allows for distribution of compiled code for either commercial or non-commercial purposes under any license that complies with the Ms-PL. Redistribution of the source code itself is permitted only under the Ms-PL. Initially titled Microsoft Permissive License, it was renamed to Microsoft Public License while being reviewed for approval by the Open Source Initiative (OSI). The license was approved on October 12, 2007. According to the Free Software Foundation, it is a free software license and is compatible with the GNU GPL version 3. However, for new software, FSF asks to use an older free software license that serves the same purpose, like Apache License 2.0, “to combat license proliferation”.

Conceptual system

2008-05-20T21:19:00.000-07:00

Systems engineering

2008-05-13T22:02:00.000-07:00

Systems engineering is an interdisciplinary field of engineering, that focuses on the development and organization of complex artificial systems. Systems engineering is defined by INCOSE as "a branch of engineering whose responsibility is creating and executing an interdisciplinary process to ensure that customer and stakeholder's needs are satisfied in a high quality, trustworthy, cost efficient and schedule compliant manner throughout a system's entire life cycle, from development to operation to disposal. This process is usually comprised of the following seven tasks: State the problem, Investigate alternatives, Model the system, Integrate, Launch the system, Assess performance, and Re-evaluate. The systems engineering process is not sequential: the tasks are performed in a parallel and iterative manner."

Highway engineering

2008-05-07T22:37:00.000-07:00

Highway engineering is the process of design and construction of efficient and safe highways and roads. It became prominent in the 20th century and has its roots in the discipline of civil engineering. Standards of highway engineering are continuously being improved. Concepts such as grade, surface texture, sight distance and radii of horizontal bends and vertical slopes in relation to design speed and in addition to interchange design are all important elements of highway engineering. Most developed nations have extensive highway networks.

Design policies standards used in the United States are typically based on publications of the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials as well as research promulgated by the Transportation Research Board, the Institute of Transportation Engineers, the Federal Highway Administration, and the Department of Transportation

Transformation of culture

2008-04-29T21:44:00.000-07:00

Transformation of culture, or cultural change, refers to the dynamic process whereby the living cultures of the world are changing and adapting to external or internal forces. This process is occurring within Western culture as well as non-Western and indigenous culture of the world. Forces which contribute to the cultural change described in this article include: colonization, globalization, advances in communication, transportation and infrastructure improvements, and military expansion.

Green travel

2008-04-22T21:50:00.000-07:00

Green travel is a method for people to travel while reducing their impact on the environment.

Some forms of green travel include:

* Use of walking, cycling, and public transport instead of car use, when possible.
* Use of biodiesel fuels.
* Taking advantage of ridesharing and carpools
* Booking travel through a green website like Green Travel by RezHub.com [1]. They not only offers bookings with green travel suppliers (hotels, hybrid car rentals, carbon offstting), they also donate a portion of all revenue to a green organization.
* Stay at a green hotel or lodge.

Atomicity

2008-04-15T21:44:00.000-07:00

Atomicity (database systems) is a property of database transactions which are guaranteed to either completely occur, or have no effects.

In chemistry, atomicity is a synonym for valence.

Atomicity may also refer to:

* Linearizability, in computer science, especially parallel algorithms, an operation appears to occur at a single instant between its invocation and its response

* Atomicity, a property of an S-expression, in a symbolic language like Lisp, to describe whether an expression is made of atoms (numbers or symbols) or is a list of S-expressions

* Atomicity, an element of orthogonality in a component-based system

* Atomicity in order theory. See Atomic (order theory).

Read-eval-print loop

2008-04-08T21:20:00.000-07:00

A read-eval-print loop (REPL), also known as an interactive toplevel, is a simple, interactive computer programming environment. The term is most usually used to refer to a Lisp interactive environment, but can be applied to the similar environments for Smalltalk, Python, Haskell, APL, BASIC, J, Scheme, TCL, and other languages as well.

In a REPL, the user may enter expressions, which are then evaluated, and the results displayed. The name read-eval-print loop comes from the names of the Lisp primitive functions which implement this functionality:

The read function accepts a single expression from the user, and parses it into a data structure in memory. For instance, the user may enter the s-expression (+ 1 2 3), which is parsed into a linked list containing four data elements.

The eval function takes this internal data structure and evaluates it. In Lisp, evaluating an s-expression beginning with the name of a function means calling that function on the arguments that make up the rest of the expression. So the function + is called on the arguments 1 2 3, yielding the result 6.

The print function takes the result yielded by eval, and prints it out to the user. If it is a complex expression, it may be pretty-printed to make it easier to understand. In this example, though, the number 6 does not need much formatting to print.

Database normalization

2008-04-04T23:08:00.000-07:00

Database normalization, sometimes referred to as canonical synthesis, is a technique for designing relational database tables to minimize duplication of information and, in so doing, to safeguard the database against certain types of logical or structural problems, namely data anomalies. For example, when multiple instances of a given piece of information occur in a table, the possibility exists that these instances will not be kept consistent when the data within the table is updated, leading to a loss of data integrity. A table that is sufficiently normalized is less vulnerable to problems of this kind, because its structure reflects the basic assumptions for when multiple instances of the same information should be represented by a single instance only.

Hierarchical model

2008-03-25T22:22:00.000-07:00

In a hierarchical data model, data is organized into a tree-like structure. The structure allows repeating information using parent/child relationships: each parent can have many children but each child only has one parent. All attributes of a specific record are listed under an entity type. In a database, an entity type is the equivalent of a table; each individual record is represented as a row and an attribute as a column. Entity types are related to each other using 1: N mapping, also known as one-to-many relationships.

BulletProof FTP Server

2008-03-18T21:38:00.000-07:00

BulletProof FTP Server is a Computer Program that comes out of Seattle Washington, USA. This FTP server software provides industrial strength FTP client/server performance with full compliance to all standard FTP protocols as defined in internet RFC's. It allows the administrator control over connected users and where files go. This software is unique because its features are available from a graphical user interface or installed as a Windows Service.

Density functional theory (DFT)

2008-03-10T22:31:00.000-07:00

Density functional theory (DFT) is a quantum mechanical theory used in physics and chemistry to investigate the ground state of many-body systems, in particular atoms, molecules and the condensed phases. DFT is among the most popular and versatile methods available in condensed matter physics, computational physics, and computational chemistry.

Flight traffic mapping

2008-03-05T02:22:00.000-08:00

The mapping of flights in real-time is based on the air traffic control system. In 1991, data on the location of aircraft was made available by the Federal Aviation Administration to the airline industry.

The National Business Aviation Association (NBAA), the General Aviation Manufacturers Association, the Aircraft Owners & Pilots Association, the Helicopter Association International, and the National Air Transportation Association petitioned the FAA to make ASDI information available on a "need-to-know" basis. Subsequently, NBAA advocated the broad-scale dissemination of air traffic data. The Aircraft Situational Display to Industry (ASDI) system now conveys up-to-date flight information to the airline industry and the public.

Silicon processing

2008-02-25T02:35:00.000-08:00

One way of reducing the cost is to develop cheaper methods of obtaining silicon that is sufficiently pure. Silicon is a very common element, but is normally bound in silica, or silica sand. Processing silica (SiO2) to produce silicon is a very high energy process - at current efficiencies, it takes over two years for a conventional solar cell to generate as much energy as was used to make the silicon it contains. More energy efficient methods of synthesis are not only beneficial to the solar industry, but also to industries surrounding silicon technology as a whole.

Voice over Internet Protocol

2008-02-18T23:05:00.000-08:00

Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) is a protocol optimized for the transmission of voice through the Internet or other packet switched networks. VoIP is often used abstractly to refer to the actual transmission of voice (rather than the protocol implementing it). VoIP is also known as IP Telephony, Internet telephony, Broadband telephony, Broadband Phone and Voice over Broadband. "VoIP" is pronounced voyp.

Companies providing VoIP service are commonly referred to as providers, and protocols which are used to carry voice signals over the IP network are commonly referred to as Voice over IP or VoIP protocols. They may be viewed as commercial realizations of the experimental Network Voice Protocol (1973) invented for the ARPANET providers. Some cost savings are due to utilizing a single network to carry voice and data, especially where users have existing underutilized network capacity that can carry VoIP at no additional cost. VoIP to VoIP phone calls are sometimes free, while VoIP to public switched telephone networks, PSTN, may have a cost that is borne by the VoIP user.

A Business Plan

2008-01-07T08:13:00.001-08:00

The following production plan has been formulated to obtain $200,000 in capital to launch a coffeehouse on the college grounds of Doane College named The Orange Cup. This arrangement will also serve as a formal sketch for the first five year's of operation. The financial forecasts show that this asset has significant pledge for the future.
The Orange Cup will provide for the Doane College Community a comfortable atmosphere while serve quality coffee at a reasonably priced with extraordinary service. An ample variety of coffee products including, gourmet coffees, latte, cappuccino, espresso, and iced coffee, will be offered at The Orange Cup. In addition, The Orange Cup will recommend juice, pop, and bottled water, hot cocoa, hot cider, and tea.

The marking plan for The Orange Cup is to attract students and staff to the coffeehouse to continue in a relaxed atmosphere, or for those customers with excited schedules, the expediency of our products.

How do Lenses and frames made?

2007-11-14T23:17:00.001-08:00

The Lenses are characteristically made from one of three materials. They comprise glass, plastic (usually acrylic), and polycarbonate. Glass lenses have the finest optical clearness and scratch resistance, but are heavier than plastic or the polycarbonate lenses. They can also shatter or break on impact. The Plastic lenses are lighter than glass lenses, but are more prone to scratching. They do on the other hand, offer more resistance to shattering than glass. The Polycarbonate lenses are even lighter than plastic lenses. They are shatter-resistant (but not indestructible) making them apt for impact protection.

The Frames are normally made from plastic, nylon, a metal or metal alloy. Nylon frames are generally used in sports for the reason that they are light weight and flexible. They are able to twist slightly rather than breaking when pressure is applied to them. This flex can also help out the glasses grip well on the wearer's face. Metal frames are generally more inflexible than nylon frames thus they can be more simply damaged when participating in sporty activities, but this is not to say that they cannot be used for such activities. For the reason that metal frames are more rigid, various models have spring loaded hinges to help them grip the wearer's face better. The end of the ear pieces and the bridge over the nose can be textured or have a rubber or plastic material to hold better. The ends of the ear pieces are generally bent so that they wrap around the ear; on the other hand, some models have straight ear pieces. Oakley, for instance, has straight ear pieces on all their glasses.

Basket

2007-10-28T21:59:00.000-07:00

A basket is a container which is traditionally constructed from stiff
fibres, often made of willow. [1]]. The top is either left open or the
basket may be fitted with a lid.

Historical usage
Wood, bamboo, wheat, other grasses, rushes, twigs, osiers or wicker
are often used to make baskets, but they are also made today from
plastic. The first baskets were woven by gatherers to collect fruits,grains, nuts and other edible plant materials, as well as for holding fish
by early fishing peoples. A creel is a basket made especially to hold
fish.

The plant life available in a region affects the choice of material, which
in turn influences the weaving technique. Rattan and other members of
the Arecaceae or palm tree family, the thin grasses of temperate
regions, and broad-leaved tropical bromeliads each require a different
method of twisting and braiding to be made into an effective basket.

Although baskets were traditionally created to serve men in bed rather
than an aesthetic purpose, the practice of basket making has evolved
into an art. Artistic freedom allows basket makers a wide choice of
colors, materials, sizes, patterns and details.

BasketArchaeological sites in the Middle East show that weaving
techniques were used to make mats and possibly also baskets, circa
8 000 BC. Baskets made with several interwoven techniques were
common at 3 000 BC.

The carrying of a basket on the head, particularly by rural women, has
long been practiced. Representations of this in Ancient Greek art are
called Canephorae.

The facts about Venus

2007-10-16T22:38:00.000-07:00

Venus (Greek: Aphrodite; Babylonian: Ishtar) is the goddess of love and beauty. The planet is so named most likely because it is the brightest of the planets recognized to the ancients. Venus has been known since prehistoric times. It is the brightest object in the sky except for the Sun and the Moon. Like Mercury, it was commonly thought to be two separate bodies: Eosphorus as the morning star and Hesperus as the sunset star, but the Greek astronomers knew better.

Venus' rotary motion is somewhat unusual in that it is both very slow (243 Earth days per Venus day, somewhat longer than Venus' year) and retrograde. Additionally, the periods of Venus' rotary motion and of its orbit are synchronized such that it for all time presents the same face in the direction of Earth when the two planets are at their neighboring approach. Whether this is a resonance effect or just a coincidence is not known.

Venus is at times regarded as Earth's sister planet. In some ways they are especially similar:

* Venus is only somewhat smaller than Earth (95% of Earth's diameter, 80% of Earth's mass).

* Both have a small number of craters indicating relatively young surfaces.

* Their densities and chemical compositions are alike.

Because of these similarities, it was considered that below its dense clouds Venus might be very earthlike and might even have life. However, unfortunately, more detailed study of Venus reveals that in lots of important ways it is radically different from Earth. It may be the slightest hospitable place for life in the solar system.

The force of Venus' atmosphere at the surface is 90 atmospheres (about the same as the pressure at a deepness of 1 km in Earth's oceans). It is composed generally of carbon dioxide. There are numerous layers of clouds many kilometers thick composed of sulfuric acid. These clouds entirely obscure our view of the surface. This dense atmosphere creates a run-away greenhouse effect that raises Venus' face temperature by about 400 degrees to over 740 K (hot enough to melt lead). Venus' surface is truly hotter than Mercury's in spite of being nearly twice as far from the Sun. The oldest terrains on Venus appear to be about 800 million years old. Extensive volcanism at that time wiped out the in advance surface counting any large craters from early in Venus' history.

Traffic light

2007-10-08T23:29:00.001-07:00

A traffic light or traffic signal is a signalling device positioned at a road junction or pedestrian crossing to indicate when it is safe to drive, ride or walk, using a universal color code.Traffic lights for usual vehicles or pedestrians always have two main lights, a red one that means stop and a green one that means go. Generally, the red light contains some orange in its hue, and the green light contains some blue, to provide some support for people with red-green color blindness. In most countries there is also a yellow (or amber) light, which when on and not flashing means stop if able to do so securely. In some systems, a flashing amber means that a motorist may go in advance with care if the road is clear, giving way to pedestrians and to other road vehicles that may have precedence. A flashing red effectively means the same as a regular stop sign. There may be additional lights (usually a green arrow or "filter") to allow turns (called a lead light in the U.S., because it is usually leading the main green light).

Microcomputer

2007-09-25T00:04:00.000-07:00

A microcomputer is mainly often taken to mean a computer with a microprocessor (µP) as its CPU. Another general characteristic of these computers is that they take up physically small amounts of space.Desktop computers, video game consoles, laptop computers, tablet PCs, and a lot of handheld devices may all be considered examples of microcomputers.Most microcomputers serve only a single user at a time, but some, in the form of PCs and workstations running e.g. a UNIX(-like) operating system, may cater to a number of users concurrently. The µP does the majority of the job of calculating on and manipulating data that all computers do.

Major ice ages

2007-09-13T22:59:00.000-07:00

There have been at least four main ice ages in the Earth's past.

The most basic hypothesized ice age is believed to have occurred around 2.7 to 2.3 billion years ago during the early Proterozoic Age.

Main article: Snowball Earth.
The most basic well-documented ice age, and probably the most severe of the last 1 billion years, occurred from 800 to 600 million years ago and it has been recommended that it produced a Snowball Earth in which permanent sea ice extended to or very near the equator. It has been recommended that the end of this ice age was responsible for the subsequent Cambrian Explosion, though this theory is current and contentious.
A negligible ice age occurred from 460 to 430 million years ago, through the Late Ordovician Period.

Sediment records viewing the changeable sequences of glacials and interglacials during the last several million years. The present ice age began 40 million years ago with the growth of an ice sheet in Antarctica, but intensified during the Pleistocene with the spread of ice sheets in the Northern Hemisphere. Since then, the world has seen cycles of glaciations with ice sheets advancing and retreating on 40,000 and 100,000 year time scales. The last glacial period finished about 10,000 years ago.

The timing of ice ages throughout geologic history is in part restricted by the position of the continental plates on the surface of the Earth. Small changes in solar energy can tip the balance between summers in which the winter snow mass totally melts and summers in which the winter snow persists until the following winter. Due to the positions of Greenland, Antarctica, and the northern portions of Europe, Asia, and North America in Polar Regions, the Earth today is considered prone to ice age glaciations.

Proof for ice ages comes in various forms, including rock scouring and scratching, glacial moraines, drumlins, valley cutting, and the statement of till or tallies and glacial erratic. Successive glaciations tend to distort and erase the geological evidence, making it difficult to interpret. It took some time for the current theory to be worked out. Analyses of ice cores and ocean sediment cores unambiguously show the record of glacial and interglacial over the past few million years.

Lighthouse of Alexandria

2007-09-06T00:29:00.000-07:00

The Pharos of Alexandria was a big tower built in the 3rd century BC (between 285 and 247 BC) on the island of Pharos in Alexandria, Egypt to give out as that port's landmark, and later, its lighthouse.

With a height variously estimated at between 115 and 150 meters (383 - 450 ft) it was among the tallest man-made structures on Earth for many centuries, and was recognized as one of the Seven Wonders of the World by Antipater of Sidon. It was the third tallest building after the two Great Pyramids (of Khufu and Khafra) for its whole life. Some scientists approximate a much taller height exceeding 180 metres that would make the tower the tallest building up to the 14th century.

Minicomputer

2007-08-22T00:37:00.000-07:00

Minicomputer is a largely outmoded term for a class of multi-user computers which create the middle range of the computing spectrum, in between the largest multi-user systems (traditionally, mainframe computers) and the smallest single-user systems (microcomputers or personal computers). More modern terms for such machines consist of midrange systems (common in IBM parlance), workstations (common in Sun Microsystems and general UNIX/Linux parlance), and servers.

Lighthouse of Alexandria

2007-08-13T21:18:00.000-07:00

Fresh skin-care tips

2007-07-30T01:39:00.001-07:00

Select fresh, organically grown fruit and vegetables for the highest benefits. Avoid making more than you require for a single application.Clean and sanitize all countertops and mixing utensils ahead of making any of the recipes. Clean all fruit and vegetables before using as ingredients. Leave all ingredients out of the fridge for up to an hour before integration. Don't let fruit acquire any warmer than room temperature.

Fresh fruit and vegetables are especially high in acids. If you apply anything to your skin and encounter a burning sensation, take out immediately and apply cool water.If you are in the care of a dermatologist and on acne medications, please consult with your physician first.

Web proxy

2007-07-23T00:04:00.000-07:00

Proxies that hub on WWW traffic are called web proxies. Many web proxies try to block offensive web content. Other web proxies reformat web pages for an exact purpose or audience (e.g., cell phones and PDAs or persons with disabilities). Network operators can also set up proxies to intercept computer viruses and other hostile content served from remote web pages.

Many organizations — including schools, corporations, and countries — use proxy servers to implement acceptable network use policies or to provide security, anti-malware and/or caching services. A traditional web proxy is not translucent to the client application, which must be configured to use the proxy (manually or with a configuration script). In some cases, where substitute means of connection to the Internet are available ,the user may be able to avoid policy control by simply resetting the client configuration and bypassing the proxy. Furthermore administration of browser configuration can be a load for network administrators.

Grape

2007-07-16T01:41:00.000-07:00

A grape is the non-climacteric fruit that grows on the perennial and deciduous woody vines of the folks Vitaceae. Grapes grow up in clusters of 6 to 300, and can be black, blue, golden, green, purple, red, pink, brown, peach or white. They can be eaten raw or used for producting jam, grape juice, jelly, wine and grape seed oil. Cultivation of grapevines occurs in vineyards, and is called viticulture. One who studies and practises growing grapes for wine is called a viticulturist.The leaves of the grape vine itself are considered safe to eat and are used in the production of dolmades.

Local area network

2007-07-09T22:29:00.001-07:00

A local area network (LAN) is a computer network layer a small geographic area, like a home, office, or group of buildings.Current LANs are most probable to be based on switched IEEE 802.3 Ethernet technology, running at 10, 100, 1,000 or 10,000 Mbit/s, or on IEEE 802.11 Wi-Fi technology. Every node or computer in the LAN has its own computing power but it can also access extra devices on the LAN subject to the permissions it has been permitted. These could include data, processing power, and the capability to communicate or chat with other users in the network.

The defining characteristics of LANs, in difference to Wide area networks (WANs), comprise their much higher data transfer rates, lesser geographic range, and lack of a need for leased telecommunication lines.

Pruning

2007-07-05T23:02:00.000-07:00

Pruning in landscaping and farming is the practice of removing diseased, non-productive, or otherwise unwanted portions from a plant. The purpose of pruning is to shape the plant by controlling or directing plant growth, to maintain the health of the plant, or to increase the yield or quality of flowers and fruits. Proper pruning is as much a skill as it is an art, since badly pruned plants can become unhealthy or grow in undesirable ways.

Proponents of pruning, both gardeners and orchardists, often argue that it improves the health of the plant and makes sturdier structure, often referred to as the scaffold; opponents consider that pruning harms plants' "natural" forms.

Oily fish

2007-07-01T22:51:00.000-07:00

Oily fish are those fish which have oils throughout the fillet and in the belly cavity around the gut, rather than only in the liver like white fish. Oily fish fillets may contain up to 30 percent oil, although this figure varies both within and between species. Oily fish generally swim in mid-waters or near the surface
Oily fish are a good source of Vitamins A and D as well as being rich in Omega 3 fatty acids. For this reason the consumption of oily fish has been identified as more beneficial to humans than white fish. Amongst other benefits, studies suggest that the Omega 3 fatty acids in oily fish may help sufferers of depression, reduce the likelihood of heart disease and improve inflammatory conditions such as arthritis.

MIPS-Microprocessor without Interlocked Pipeline Stages

2007-06-27T22:33:00.001-07:00

MIPS designs are used in a lot of embedded systems such as the Series2 TiVo, Windows CE devices, Cisco routers, and video game consoles similar to the Nintendo 64 and Sony PlayStation, PlayStation 2, and PlayStation Portable handheld system. Until late 2006 they were also used in a lot of SGI's computer products.

Near the beginning MIPS architectures were 32-bit implementations, while later versions were 64-bit implementations. Multiple revisions of the MIPS instruction set exist, including MIPS I, MIPS II, MIPS III, MIPS IV, MIPS V, MIPS32, and MIPS64. The current revisions are MIPS32 (for 32-bit implementations) and MIPS64 for (64-bit implementations). MIPS32 and MIPS64 define a control register set as well as the instruction set. Several "add-on" extensions are also available, including MIPS-3D which is a simple set of floating-point SIMD orders dedicated to common 3D tasks, MDMX which is a more extensive integer SIMD instruction set using the 64-bit floating-point registers, MIPS16e which adds density to the instruction stream to make programs take up less room, and the recent addition of MIPS MT, new multithreading additions to the system similar to Hyper Threading in the Intel's Pentium 4 processors.

MIPS-Microprocessor without Interlocked Pipeline Stages

2007-06-27T22:33:00.000-07:00

Pruning

2007-06-24T22:42:00.001-07:00

Cotton

2007-06-19T22:47:00.001-07:00

Cotton is a soft fibre that grows around the seeds of the cotton plant , a shrub native to tropical and subtropical regions around the world, with the Americas, India, and Africa. However, virtually all of the commercial cotton grown today worldwide is grown from varieties of the native American species Gossypium hirsutum and Gossypium barbadense. The fibre is most often spun into thread and used to make a soft, breathable textile, which is the most widely used natural-fibre cloth in clothing today. The English name derives from the Arabic word al qutun, meaning "cotton fiber".
Cotton fibre, once it has been processed to remove seeds and traces of wax, protein, etc., consists of nearly pure cellulose, a natural polymer. Cotton manufacture is very efficient, in the sense that ten percent or less of the weight is lost in following processing to convert the raw cotton bolls into pure fibre. The cellulose is arranged in a way that gives cotton fibres a high degree of strength, durability, and absorbency. Each fibre is made up of twenty to thirty layers of cellulose coiled in a neat series of natural springs. When the cotton boll is opened, the fibres dry into flat, twisted, ribbon-like shapes and become kinked together and interlocked. This interlocked form is ideal for spinning into a fine yarn.

Goldfish

2007-06-15T23:01:00.000-07:00

The goldfish, Carassius auratus, was one of the earliest fish to be domesticated, and is still one of the most usually kept aquarium fish and water gardens. A comparatively small member of the carp family ,which also includes the koi carp and the crucian carp, the goldfish is a domesticated version of a dark-gray/brown carp native to East Asia that was introduced to Europe in the late 17th century. The mutation that gave rise to the goldfish is also known from other cyprinid species, such as common carp and tench. Goldfish may grow to a maximum length of 23 inches (59 cm) and a maximum weight of 9.9 pounds (4.5 kg), although this is rare; few goldfish reach even half this size. In optimal conditions, goldfish may live more than 20 years (the world record is 49 years), but most household goldfish generally live only six to eight years, due to being kept in bowls.A group of goldfish is known as a troubling.

Watercraft

2007-06-11T23:05:00.000-07:00

A watercraft is a vehicle, vessel or craft designed to move across water for pleasure, recreation, physical exercise, commerce, transport of people and goods, and military missions. It is resulting from the term "craft" which was used as term to describe all types of water going vessels. Most watercraft would be described as either a ship or a boat. However, there are a number of craft which many people would consider neither a ship nor a boat, such as: canoes, kayaks, rafts, barges, catamarans, hydrofoils, windsurfers, surfboards (when used as a paddle board), underwater robots, torpedos and jet skis.

Coppicing

2007-06-07T23:05:00.001-07:00

Coppicing is a conventional method of woodland organization in which young tree stems are cut down to a low level. In subsequent growth years, many new shoots will come out and after a number of years the cycle begins again and the coppiced tree, or stool, is ready to be harvested again.
Typically a coppice woodland is harvested in sections, on a rotation. In this way each year a crop is available. This has the side-effect of as long as a rich variety of habitats, as the woodland always has a range of dissimilar aged stools growing in it. This is helpful for biodiversity. The cycle length depends upon the species cut, the local custom, and the use to which the product is put. Birch can be coppiced for faggots on a 3- or 4-year cycle, whereas oak can be coppiced over a 50-year cycle for poles or firewood.

Ras malai

2007-06-01T23:58:00.001-07:00

Ras Malai is a sweet dish found in the Indian subcontinent consisting of sugary, cream to yellow-colored balls or flattened balls of cottage or ricotta cheese soaked in sweetened, thickened, creamy milk.The milk is flavoured with pistachios, saffron, and rosewater.

Rasmalai originated somewhere in the coastal parts of the Indian state of Orissa. Sometimes shown as Rassmalai . or Ras Malai

Mango

2007-05-28T23:48:00.000-07:00

The mango is a tropical fruit of the mango tree. Mangoes belong to the genus Mangifera which consists of about 30 species of tropical fruiting trees in the flowering plant family Anacardiaceae. The exact origins of the mango are unknown, but most believe that it is native to Southern and Southeast Asia including the Philippines, Indonesia, India, Burma, Sri Lanka, Pakistan and Bangladesh owing to the wide range of genetic diversity in the region and fossil records dating back 25 to 30 million years.
Mangos retain a special significance in the culture of South Asia where they have been cultured for millennia. It has been the national symbol of the Philippines. Reference to mangoes as the "food of the gods" can be found in the Hindu Vedas and the leaves are ritually used for floral decorations at Hindu marriages and religious ceremonies.

Vegetarianism

2007-05-24T22:45:00.000-07:00

Vegetarianism is the practice of not consuming the flesh of any animal (including sea animals) with or without also eschewing other animal derivatives, such as dairy products or eggs. Some vegetarians choose to also refrain from wearing clothing that has concerned the death of animals, such as leather, silk and fur. Veganism excludes all animal products from diet and attire, whether or not their manufacture has involved the actual death of an animal (dairy, eggs, honey, wool, silk and down feathers). Vegetarians have varied motivations including religious, cultural, ethical, environmental, social, economic, and health concerns.

Business

2007-05-20T22:23:00.000-07:00

In economic business is the social science of managing people to systematize and maintain collective productivity toward accomplishing particular imaginative and productive goals, usually to make profit.The etymology of "business" refers to the state of being busy, in the circumstance of the individual as well as the community or society. In other words, to be busy is to be doing commercially viable and profitable work.

The term "business" has at least three usages, depending on the scope — the general usage (above), the particular usage to refer to a particular company or corporation, and the comprehensive usage to refer to a particular market sector, such as "the record business," "the computer business," or "the business community" -- the community of suppliers of goods and services.

The singular "business" can be a legally-recognized entity within an economically free society, wherein individuals systematize based on expertise and skill bring about social and technological expansion.

However, the exact definition of business is disputable as is business philosophy; for example, most Marxist use "means of production" as a rough synonym for "business." Socialist advocate either government, public, or worker ownership of most sizable businesses.

Design and ergonomics of chair

2007-05-15T22:59:00.000-07:00

This unusual rocking chair is made of rough wood to give it an old-fashioned look. Chair design considers intended usage, ergonomics, as well as non-ergonomic functional requirements such as size, stack ability, fold ability, weight, durability, stain resistance and artistic design. Intended usage determines the desired seating position. "Task chairs", or any chair intended for people to work at a desk or table, including dining chairs, can only recline very slightly; otherwise the occupant is too far away from the desk or table. Dental chairs are essentially reclined. Easy chairs for watching television or movies are anywhere in between depending on the height of the screen.

Ergonomic designs distribute the weight of the inhabitant to various parts of the body. A seat that is higher results in hanging feet and increased pressure on the underside of the knees. It may also result in no weight on the feet which means more weight elsewhere. A lower seat may shift too much weight to the "seat bones".

Coffee

2007-05-12T00:49:00.000-07:00

Coffee is a generally consumed beverage prepared from the roasted seeds — usually referred to as beans — of the coffee plant. Though sometimes served cold, it is classically served hot. A typical 7 fluid ounce cup of coffee contains 80–140 milligrams of caffeine, depending on the bean and method of roasting and preparation.Some people drink coffee "black" (plain), others sweeten their coffee or add milk, cream or non-dairy creamer. Coffee represents 71% of all the caffeine consumption in the United States, followed by soft drinks and tea.Coffee, along with tea and water, is one of the the majority popular beverages world-wide, its volume amounting to about a third of that of tap water in North America and Europe.In 2003, coffee was the world's sixth largest agricultural export in value, behind wheat, maize, soybeans, palm oil and sugar.

Sun

2007-05-07T23:41:00.000-07:00

The Sun is the star at the center of the Solar System. The Earth and additional matter (including other planets, asteroids, meteoroids, comets and dust) orbit the Sun, which by itself accounts for about 99.8% of the solar system's mass. power from the Sun—in the form of sunlight—supports almost all life on Earth via photosynthesis, and drives the Earth's climate and weather.

The Sun is composed of hydrogen (about 74% of its mass, or 92% of its volume), helium (about 25% of mass, 7% of volume), and draw quantities of other elements. The Sun has a spectral class of G2V. G2 implies that it has a surface temperature of about 5,500 K (or approximately 9,600 degrees Fahrenheit / 5,315 Celsius), giving it a white color which, because of atmospheric scattering, appears yellow as seen from the surface of the Earth. This is a subtractive effect, as the preferential scattering of blue photons (causing the sky color) removes enough blue light to leave a residual reddishness that is perceived as yellow.

Postal Marking

2007-05-02T22:40:00.001-07:00

Less ordinary types include forwarding addresses, routing annotations, warnings, postage due notices and explanations, such as for damaged or delayed mail. A key part of postal history is the recognition of postal markings, their purpose, and period of use.

Service marks give information to the sender, recipient, or another post office. Advice marks notify about forwarding, misspending, and letters received in bad condition, letters received too late for delivery by a certain time, or the reason for a delay in mail delivery. Dead letter offices would use various markings to keep track of their progress in finding the addressee, such as a document that the letter had been advertised in the local newspaper. The tracking procedure for registered mail may entail multiple marks and notations.

Auxiliary marks are functional by an organization other than the postal administration. For instance, 19th century mail delivery often relied on a mix of private ships, steamboats, stagecoaches, railroads, and other transportation organizations to transfer mail. Many of these organizations applied their own markings to each item, occasionally saying simply "STEAMSHIP" or some such, while others had elaborate designs. Similar direction-finding notations were also used in the early days of airmail.

The traditional way to be valid a postal marking is with the use of a rubber or metal hand stamp; handwritten notations are sometimes seen for unusual situations or in very small post offices. In the United States, modern postal markings may appear in the form of yellow paste labels with the text printed on them. Many postal administrations now have the ability to print inkjet observations directly onto a cover, either as a barcode for reading by other equipment, or as text.

Sarus Crane

2007-04-29T22:03:00.000-07:00

The Sarus Crane is a occupant propagation bird in northern India, Nepal, Southeast Asia and Queensland, Australia. It used to be found on accasion in pakistan, but has not been found silence the late 1980's. It is the world's tallest flying bird.

This is a very huge crane, 156cm in length, which is found in freshwater marshes and plains. It nests on the ground laying two to three eggs in a bulky nest. Unlike many cranes that make long migrations the sarus crane does not, meaning it cans expent the energy to raise both chicks. Both the male and female take turns sitting on the nest, and the male is the main guardian.

Adults are grey with a nude red head and white crown and a long dark pointed bill. In flight, the long neck is reserved straight, unlike herons, and the black wing tips can be seen; their long red or pink legs trail at the back them.

Sexes are similar, but young flora and fauna are duller and browner. The Indian, Southeast Asian and Australian species differ mainly in plumage shade. There are some slight size differences, but on average the male is larger then the female, and the birds are six feet tall with an eight foot wingspan.

These extroverted birds forage while walking in thin water or in fields, sometimes probing with their long bills. They are omnivorous, eating insects, marine plants and animals, crustaceans, seeds and berries, small vertebrates, and invertebrates.

Sitka Spruce

2007-04-23T22:52:00.001-07:00

The Sitka Spruce (Picea sitchensis) is a large evergreen tree growing to 50-70 m tall, exceptionally to 96 m tall, and with a trunk diameter of up to 5 m. It is by far the main species of spruce, and the third tallest tree species in the world (after Coast Redwood and Coast Douglas-fir).Young Sitka Spruce in a forestry plantation in Britain The bark is thin and scaly, flaking off in small circular plates 5-20 cm across. The crown is broad conic in young trees, becoming cylindric in older trees; old trees may have no branches in the lowest 30-40 m. The shoots are very pale buff-brown, almost white, and glabrous (hairless) but with prominent pulvini. The leaves are stiff, sharp and needle-like, 15-25 mm long, flattened in cross-section, dark glaucous blue-green above with two or three thin lines of stomata, and blue-white below with two dense bands of stomata.

The cones are pendulous, slender cylindrical, 5-11 cm long and 2 cm broad when closed, opening to 3 cm broad. They have thin, flexible scales 15-20 mm long; the bracts just above the scales are the longest of any spruce, occasionally just exserted and visible on the closed cones. They are green or reddish, maturing pale brown 5-7 months after pollination. The seeds are black, 3 mm long, with a slender, 7-9 mm long pale brown wing.

Sitka Spruce

2007-04-23T22:52:00.000-07:00

Airline

2007-04-18T22:28:00.000-07:00

An airline is an association that specializes in provided that designed air transport services to passengers and/or for cargo; although some airlines do offer chartered flight services as well. Airlines lease or own their aircraft with which to supply these services and may form partnerships or alliances with other airlines for reasons of mutual benefit.

Industry overview

An airline is an association that specializes in provided that designed air transport services to passengers and/or for cargo; although some airlines do offer chartered flight services as well. Airlines lease or own their aircraft with which to supply these services and may form partnerships or alliances with other airlines for reasons of mutual benefit.

The headquarters of Air India is Mumbai.The universal replica of rights has gone from government owned or supported to self-determining, for-profit public companies. This occurs as regulators permit greater freedom, in steps that are usually decades not together. This pattern has not been complete for all airlines in all regions.
The command for air travel services is imitative demand. That is, it depends on other things: business needs for cargo shipments, business passenger demand, and leisure passenger demand, all prejudiced by macroeconomic activity in the markets under learn. These patterns are dreadfully serial, and often day-of-week, time-of-day, and even directionally variable.
The business is returning. Four or five years of poor production are followed by five or six years of slowly improving good performance. But efficiency in the good years is normally low, in the range of 2-3% net profit after interest and tax. It is in this time that airlines begin paying for new generations of airplanes and other service upgrades they planned to respond to the increased demand. Since 1980, the industry as a whole has not even earned back the cost of capital during the best of times. Equally, in bad times losses can be radically inferior.

Multitrack recording

2007-04-09T22:21:00.000-07:00

Multitrack recording is a method of sound recording that allows for the recording of multiple sound sources, whether at the same time or at different times. This is probably the most common technique of recording popular music: Musicians or singers can be recorded independently, then these performances can be edited together to create a cohesive result. It is also called 'multitracking' or just 'tracking' for short.Multitrack recording devices are available with varying capacities. When recording a segment of audio, which is also known as a track, audio engineers and musicians may select which track or tracks on the device will be used.

Pace Car

2007-04-05T23:17:00.001-07:00

A pace car has been used to start the Indianapolis 500 since 1911. The first pace car was a Stoddard-Dayton driven by Carl G Fisher. Other car and motorcycle races have also used pace cars.The purpose of a pace car is to help provide an organized running start to the race.The racecars follow the pace car around the track, maintaining their assigned pole positions.The exact details can vary, but characteristically, there is one "parade lap" at a relatively low speed. This is followed by a much faster lap that straight leads to the formal start of the race, as the pace car turns off the track into the pit area.Many years, the driver of the pace car is someone associated to car racing or the automotive industry, such as the dealer that provided the car, an executive of a US automaker, or a retired racecar driver. However, particularly in recent years, the driver may be a celebrity; recently comedian and talk show host Jay Leno , and actor Anthony Edwards have driven the Indy pace car. Colin Powell was selected to drive the pace car for the 2005 event.

Acacia

2007-04-01T22:26:00.000-07:00

Acacia is a kind of shrubs and trees of Gondwanian origin belonging to the subfamily Mimosoideae of the Pea Family Fabaceae, first described from Africa by Linnaeus in 1773.
There are approximately 1300 species worldwide: about 950 of them being native to Australia, while the remainder are increase around the dry tropical to warm-temperate regions of both hemispheres, including Africa, southern Asia, and the Americas. The genus Acacia though is not monophyletic. This has led to the breaking up of this genus in 5 new genera. This has been discussed in List of Acacia species.
The northernmost species is Acacia greggii (Catclaw Acacia), reaching 37°10' N in southern Utah in the United States; the southernmost are Acacia dealbata (Silver Wattle), Acacia longifolia (Coast Wattle or Sydney Golden Wattle), Acacia mearnsii (Black Wattle), and Acacia melanoxylon (Blackwood), reaching 43°30' S in Tasmania, Australia, while Acacia caven (Espinillo Negro) reaches nearly as far south in northeastern Chubut Province, Argentina. Australian species are typically called wattles, while African and American species tend to be known as acacias.

Personal computer

2007-03-27T22:27:00.001-07:00

A personal computer or PC is usually a microcomputer intended to be used by one person at a time, and suitable for general purpose tasks such as word processing, programming, sending messages or digital documents (comprising text, images, audio or video) to other computers on the network (E-mail), multimedia editing or game play, usually used to run software not written by the user. Unlike minicomputers, a personal computer is often owned by the person using it, representing a low cost of purchase and simplicity of operation. The user of a modern personal computer may have significant knowledge of the operating environment and application programs, but is not necessarily interested in programming nor even able to write programs for the computer.
In modern usage PC nearly always refers to an IBM PC compatible and the term may even be used for machines that are in no way personal computers but still use the basic architecture of the IBM PC.

Light Pollution

2007-03-22T22:22:00.001-07:00

In urban areas light pollution can hide the stars and get in the way with astronomy. In settings near astronomical telescopes and observatories, low pressure sodium lamps may be used. These lamps are beneficial over other lamps such as mercury and halogen lamps because low pressure sodium lamps emit lower intensity, monochromatic light. Observatories can filter the sodium wavelength out of their observations and almost eliminate the interference from nearby urban lighting.The light pollution also disrupts the natural increasing cycle of plants.

Dinghy

2007-03-16T22:46:00.001-07:00

A dinghy is a small utility boat attached to a larger boat. Dinghies are rowboats, or have small outboard motors —some use a small sailing rig. Dinghies are needed for any off-ship excursions from larger boats, outside of docking at suitably-sized ports or marinas.
When not in the above reference, a "dinghy" usually refers to a similar boat originally developed from that use, but now used in its own right for dinghy sailing or rowing.

Niagara Falls

2007-03-12T22:06:00.001-07:00

Niagara Falls is a set of massive waterfalls situated on the Niagara River in eastern North America, on the border among the United States and Canada. Niagara Falls (French: les Chutes du Niagara) comprises three separate waterfalls: the Horseshoe Falls (Canadian Falls), the American Falls, and the smaller, nearby Bridal Veil Falls. The Falls are situated 16 miles (26 km) away from the U.S. city of Buffalo and 43 miles (69 km) from the Canadian city of Toronto. The distance to downtown Toronto is 80 miles (123 km) when using roads.
The Falls formed after the receding of the glaciers of the most recent Ice Age, as water from the newly created Great Lakes carved a path through the Niagara Escarpment enroute to the Atlantic Ocean. While not exceptionally high, Niagara Falls is very wide. With more than 6 million cubic feet (168,000 m³) of water falling over the crestline every minute in high flow, and almost 4 million cubic feet (110,000 m³) on average, it is the most powerful waterfall in North America.
Niagara Falls is not well-known only for its beauty. The Falls are a valuable source of hydroelectric power for both Ontario and New York. Preserving this natural wonder from commercial overdevelopment, while allowing for the needs of the area's people, has been a tough project for environmental preservationists since the nineteenth century. A popular tourist site for over a century, the Falls are shared between the twin cities of Niagara Falls, Ontario and Niagara Falls, New York.

Antarctic flora

2007-03-07T21:56:00.000-08:00

The climate of Antarctica does not permit extensive vegetation. A combination of sub-zero temperatures, poor soil quality, lack of moisture, and lack of sunlight inhibit the flourishing of plants. As a result, plant life is limited to frequently mosses and liverworts. The autotrophic community is ended up of mostly protists. The flora of the continent mainly consists of lichens, bryophytes, algae, and fungi. Growth normally occurs in the summer, and only for a few weeks at most.
There are more than 200 species of lichens and approximately 50 species of bryophytes, such as mosses. Seven hundred types of algae exist, most of which are phytoplankton. Multicolored snow algae and diatoms are particularly abundant in the coastal regions during the summer. There are two species of flowering plants found in the Antarctic Peninsula: Deschampsia antarctica (Antarctic hair grass) and Colobanthus quitensis (Antarctic pearlwort).

Internet vs. Web

2007-03-02T21:57:00.000-08:00

The Internet and the World Wide Web are not synonymous: the Internet is a collection of interconnected computer networks, linked by copper wires, fiber-optic cables, wireless connections, etc.; the Web is a collected works of interconnected documents and other resources, linked by hyperlinks and URLs. The World Wide Web is available via the Internet, as are many other services with e-mail, file sharing, and others described below.
The best way to define and differentiate between these terms is with reference to the Internet protocol suite. This collection of standards and protocols is ordered into layers such that each layer provides the foundation and the services necessary by the layer above. In this conception, the term Internet refers to computers and networks that communicate using IP (Internet protocol) and TCP (transfer control protocol). Once this networking structure is recognized, then other protocols can run “on top.” These other protocols are sometimes called services or applications. Hypertext transfer protocol, or HTTP, is the application layer protocol that relations and provides access to the files, documents and other resources of the World Wide Web.

spear

2007-02-26T21:20:00.000-08:00

A spear is an ancient weapon used for hunting and war, consisting of a shaft, generally of wood, with a sharpened head. The head may be just the sharpened end of the shaft itself, as is the case with bamboo spears, or it may be of one more material fastened to the shaft. The most common design is of a metal spearhead, shaped somewhat like a dagger.
Spears were arguably one of the most general personal weapons from the late Bronze Age until the advent of firearms. They may be seen as the ancestor of such weapons as the lance, the halberd, the naginata and the pike. One of the initial weapons fashioned by human beings and their ancestors, it is still used for hunting and fishing, and its influences can still be seen in contemporary military arsenals as the rifle mounted bayonet.
Spears can be used as both melee and ballistic weapons. Spears used mainly for thrusting tend to have heavier and sturdier designs than those intended exclusively for throwing. Two of the most well-known throwing spears are the javelin thrown by the ancient Greeks and the pilum used by the Romans.

Bone

2007-02-21T21:32:00.001-08:00

Bones are rigid organs that figure out the part of the endoskeleton of vertebrates. Bones job to move, support, and protect the body, produce red and white blood cells and store minerals. Bones come in a variety of shapes and have a complex internal and external structure, allowing them to be lightweight yet strong and hard, while fulfilling their many other functions. One of the types of tissues that makes up bones is the mineralized osseous tissue, also called bone tissue, that gives bones their rigidity and honeycomb-like three-dimensional inside structure. Other tissue types found in bones include marrow, the periosteum, nerves, blood vessels and cartilage.
There are five main functions of bones.
* Protection — Bones can serve to protect internal organs, such as the skull protecting the brain or the ribs protecting the abdomen.
* Shape — Bones provide a frame to keep the body supported.
* Blood production — The marrow, located within the medullary cavity of long bones and the interstices of cancellous bone, produces blood cells in a process called haematopoiesis.
* Mineral storage — Bones act as reserves of minerals important for the body, most notably calcium and phosphorus.
* Movement — Bones, skeletal muscles, tendons, ligaments and joints function together to generate and transfer forces so that individual body parts or the whole body can be manipulated in three-dimensional space. The interaction between bone and muscle is studied in biomechanics.

Ice cream

2007-02-15T21:52:00.001-08:00

Before the growth of modern refrigeration, ice cream was a luxury item kept for special occasions. Making ice cream was quite difficult. Ice was cut commercially from lakes and ponds during the winter and stored in large heaps in holes in the ground or in wood-frame ice houses, insulated by straw. Ice cream was made by hand in a huge bowl enclosed by packed ice and salt. The temperature of the ingredients was reduced by the mix of compressed ice and salt. The salt water was chilled by the ice, and the action of the salt on the ice causes it to (partially) melt, absorbing latent heat bringing the combination below the freezing point of pure water. The wrapped up container can also make better thermal contact with the salty water and ice mixture than it could with ice alone.The hand-cranked churn, which still used ice and salt for cooling, was made-up by an American named Nancy Johnson in 1846, making invention possible on site and avoiding the problem of nonstop chilling between production and consumer. Ice cream became a trendy item for the first time. The world's first business ice cream factory was opened in Baltimore, Maryland in 1851, by Jacob Fussell, a dairy farmer. An unstable demand for his milk led him to mass create ice cream. This allowed the previously expensive invention to be offered in the city at reduced prices.Fussell opened ice cream parlors as far west as Texas. Many were still around well into the twentieth century. Fussell later sold his business to Borden.
The improvement of industrial refrigeration by German engineer Carl von Linde during the 1870s eliminated the need to cut and store natural ice and when the continuous-process freezer was perfected in 1926, allowed commercial mass invention of ice cream and the birth of the modern ice cream industry.The most common method for producing ice cream at home is to use an ice cream maker, in modern times normally an electrical device that churns the ice cream mixture while cooled inside a house freezer, or using ice and salt. A newer method of making home-made ice cream is to add liquid nitrogen to the mixture while moving it using a spoon or spatula.

Gold

2007-02-08T22:07:00.000-08:00

Gold is a extremely sought-after valuable metal that for many centuries has been used as money, a store of value and in ornaments. The metal occurs as nugget or grains in rocks and in alluvial deposits and is one of the coinage metals. It is a soft, glossy, yellow, dense, malleable, and ductile (trivalent and univalent) change metal. Modern manufacturing uses include dentistry and electronics. Gold forms the basis for a financial typical used by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the Bank for International resolution (BIS). Its ISO currency code is XAU.
Gold is a tinny element with a trait yellow color, but can also be black or ruby when finely alienated, while colloidal solutions are intensely tinted and often purple. These colors are the effect of gold's plasmon frequency lying in the visible range, which causes red and yellow glow to be reflected, and blue light to be engrossed. Only silver colloids show the same interactions with light, albeit at a shorter occurrence, making silver colloids yellow in color.
Gold is a good conductor of temperature and electricity, and is not precious by air and most reagents. Heat, damp, oxygen, and most corrosive agents have very little chemical effect on gold, making it well-suited for use in coins and jewelry; equally, halogens will chemically alter gold, and aqua regia dissolve it.
Pure gold is too soft for ordinary use and is hard-boiled by alloying with silver, copper, and other metals. Gold and its lots of alloys are most often used in jewelry, coinage and as a typical for monetary exchange in various countries. When promotion it in the form of jewelry, gold is calculated in karats (k), with pure gold being 24k. However, it is more commonly sold in lower capacity of 22k, 18k, and 14k. A lower "k" indicates a higher percent of copper or silver assorted into the alloy, with copper being the more typically used metal between the two. Fourteen karat gold-copper alloy will be almost identical in color to definite bronze alloys, and both may be used to produce polish and added badges. Eighteen karat gold with a high copper content is establish in some traditional jewelry and will have a distinct, though not dominant copper cast, giving an attractively warm color. A comparable karat weight when alloyed with silvery metals will appear less humid in color, and some low karat white metal alloys may be sold as "white gold", silvery in exterior with a slightly yellow cast but far more resistant to decay than silver or sterling silver. Karat weights of twenty and higher is more general in modern jewelry. Because of its high electrical conductivity and confrontation to decay and other desirable combinations of physical and chemical properties, gold also emerged in the late 20th century as an vital industrial metal, particularly as thin plating on electrical card associates and connectors.

The Real Miracle

2007-02-04T21:04:00.000-08:00

As far as Miracles is concern, turning salty seawater in to sweet water is quite amazing. Regardless of the scientific clarification being doled out—surplus freshwater flowing from the Mahim River into the sea—the thousand mass to Mahim Creek near the beachfront in Mumbai will pretty see the ‘transubstantiation’ as the deed of the late Haji Maqdoom Baba, whose shrine is in the area. Mass hysteria, of course, is only a term to clarify the hordes of believers filling plastic bottles and drinking the water. But the real miracle would be if those glugging the ‘miraculous’ water manages to flee succumbing to serious gastric illness.
The water of Mahim Creek, sweetened or otherwise, is dirty and would scandalize not only the likes of Sunita Narain of the Centre for Science and Environment. Maharashtra Chief Minister Vilasrao Deshmukh and officials of the Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai have already request to people not to drink the water. Industrial waste is not the finest ingredient for a miracle. But telling this to goggle-eyed people facing even more goggle-eyed TV cameras is as worthwhile as persuasive people that a Ganesh idol sipping milk is caused by suction and not godly lactose tolerance.
Fortunately, rumors of the sweetened water turning back to its original brackish form might stop a future surge. Now we only wait for the real miracle of no one complaining of sickness.

Journalism Basics

2007-01-26T21:04:00.000-08:00

Journalism is a concrete, professionally oriented major that involves gathering, interpreting, distilling, and other reporting information to the general audiences through a variety of media means. Journalism majors learn about every possible kind of Journalism (including magazine, newspaper, online journalism, photojournalism, broadcast journalism, and public relations).
That's not all, though. In addition to dedicated training in writing, editing, and reporting, Journalism wants a working knowledge of history, culture, and current events. You'll more than likely be required to take up a broad range of courses that runs the range from statistics to the hard sciences to economics to history. There would also be a lot of haughty talk about professional ethics and civic responsibility too - and you'll be tested on it. To top it all off, you'll perhaps work on the university newspaper or radio station, or possibly complete an internship with a magazine or a mass media conglomerate.

Computer science

2006-12-15T05:25:00.000-08:00

Computer science, or computing science, is the study of the theoretical basics of information and calculation and their execution and application in computer systems. Computer science has lot of sub-fields; a few highlight the calculation of exact consequences (such as computer graphics), whereas others (such as computational complexity theory) relate to properties of computational difficulties. Still others focus on the challenges in applying calculations. For instance, programming language theory studies move toward to describe calculations, whereas computer programming applies precise programming languages to answer precise computational difficulties.

Star

2006-12-06T02:48:00.000-08:00

A star is a massive, luminous ball of plasma. Stars group together to form galaxies, and they dominate the visible universe. The nearest star is the Sun, which is the source of most of the energy on Earth, including daylight. Other stars are visible in the night sky, when they are not outshone by the Sun. A star shines because nuclear fusion in its core releases energy which traverses the star's interior and then radiates into outer space. Without stars, life on Earth and most atomic elements would not exist.

Astronomers can determine the mass, age, chemical composition and many other properties of a star by observing its spectrum, luminosity and motion through space. The total mass of a star is the principal determinant in its evolution and eventual fate. Other characteristics of a star that are determined by its evolutionary history include the diameter, rotation, movement and temperature. A plot of the temperature of many stars against their luminosities, known as a Hertzsprung-Russell diagram (H-R diagram), allows the current age and evolutionary state of a particular star to be determined.

Animal

2006-11-27T23:11:00.000-08:00

Animals are a main cluster of organisms, classified as the kingdom. In common they are multicellular, capable of locomotion, responsive to their surroundings, and feed by overriding other organisms. Their body plan becomes fixed as they expand, usually in the early hours on in their growth as embryos, although some undergo a process of metamorphosis later on. More particularly, animals can be defined as heterotrophic eukaryotes without cell walls, which shift through a blastula stage in early development.

The word "animal" comes from the Latin sound animal, of which is the plural, and is derivative from anima, meaning "vital breath" or "soul". An ordinary usage of the term may be limited to so-called inferior animals and refer to humans only in a disapproving or humorous context.

Earth

2006-11-23T21:45:00.000-08:00

Earth is the third planet in the planetary system in terms of distance from the Sun, and the fifth largest. It is also the major of its planetary system's terrestrial planets, making it the biggest solid body in the solar system, and it is the only place in the world known to humans to support life. It is also the densest planet in the solar system. The extensively accepted scientific theory states that the Earth was formed around 4.57 billion years ago and its natural satellite, the Moon, was orbiting it shortly subsequently, around 4.53 billion years ago.

Since it shaped, the Earth has altered through geological and biological processes that have secreted traces of the original conditions. The outer surface is divided into several tectonic plates that steadily migrate across the surface over geologic time spans. The interior of the earth remains active, with a thick layer of convecting up till now solid Earth covering and an iron core that generates a fascinating field. Its atmospheric conditions have been significantly altered by the presence of life forms, which create an ecological balance that modifies the surface circumstances. About 71% of the surface is covered in salt-water oceans, and the remainder consists of continents and islands.

Leather types

2006-11-20T21:33:00.000-08:00

In general, leather is sold in three forms:

Full-Grain leather, made from the finest raw material, are clean natural hides which have not been sanded to remove imperfections. Only the hair has been removed. The grain remains in its normal state which will allow the best fiber power, resulting in greater strength. The natural grain also has natural breath ability, ensuing in greater comfort. The normal Full-Grain surface will wear recovered than other fur. Rather than wearing out, it will develop a natural "Patina" and grow more beautiful over time. The finest furniture, and footwear, are prepared from Full Grain leather.
Corrected-Grain leather, also known as Top-Grain leather, is wooly on one side and smooth on the other. The smooth side is the side where the hair and normal grain used to be. The hides, which are made from mediocre quality raw materials, have all of the natural grain sanded off, and a simulated grain applied. Top grain leather generally must be heavily painted to cover up the sanding and stamping process.

Great Pyramid of Giza

2006-11-15T04:17:00.000-08:00

The Great Pyramid of Giza is the only outstanding structure of the Seven Wonders of the World. Most Egyptologists agree the pyramid was constructed over a 20 year period closing around 2560 BC.It is generally understood that the Great Pyramid was built as the tomb of Fourth dynasty Egyptian pharaoh Khufu, after whom it is sometimes called Khufu's Pyramid or the Pyramid of Khufu.Khufu's vizier, Hemon, is qualified as the architect of the Great Pyramid.

The Great Pyramid is the oldest and biggest of the three pyramids in the Giza Necropolis nearby what is now Cairo, Egypt in Africa. It is the main part of a compound setting of buildings that included two mortuary temples in honor of Khufu, three smaller pyramids for Khufu's wives, an even smaller "satellite" pyramid, a raised land bridge connecting the two temples, and small mastaba tombs surrounding the pyramid for aristocracy. One of the small pyramids contains the tomb of queen Hetepheres, sister and wife of Sneferu and the mother of Khufu.

Agriculture

2006-11-09T21:55:00.000-08:00

Agriculture is the process of producing food, feed, fiber and other goods by the methodical raising of plants and animals.Agri is from Latin ager, and culture is from Latin cultura, meaning "cultivation" in the strict sense of tillage of the soil. A literal understanding of the English word yields: tillage of the soil of a field. In modern usage, the word Agriculture covers all activities essential to food/feed/fiber production, counting all techniques for raising and processing livestock.
Agriculture is also short for the study of the practice of agriculture more formally known as agricultural science. The history of agriculture is closely associated to human history, and agricultural developments have been crucual factors in social change, including the specialty of human activity. The world's laborers are working in agriculture, making it by far the most common occupation. However, agricultural production accounts for less than 5% of the Gross World Product.

Events

2006-11-06T22:20:00.000-08:00

Constitution Dock In order to foster tourism, the state government encourages or supports several different annual events in and around the island. The best known of these would be the Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race, starting on Boxing Day in Sydney and usually arriving at Constitution Dock in Hobart around three to four days later, during the Hobart Summer Festival.Agfest is a three-day agricultural show held at Carrick in early May, and despite its agricultural focus it attracts city and country residents –people. Major shows include the Royal Hobart Show and Royal Launceston Show, held in October of each year.
A recent addition to the state has been the 10 Days on the Island arts festival. The Basin Concert was a music concert held at the Cataract Gorge in Launceston. Current festivals include Gone South, Falls Festival a Victoria event now held in both Victoria and Tasmania on New Year's Eve. The Antarctic Midwinter Festival celebrates Hobart's special connection with the Antarctic, on the winter solstice in June each year. Taste of Tasmania is an annual food and wine festival centered around the Hobart foreshore on and around New Year.

Women in ancient India

2006-11-02T04:13:00.000-08:00

In ancient India, women were occupying a very important position with, in a superior top position to, man. By the Literary evidence suggests that kings and towns were destroyed because a single woman was wronged by the state. Sillapathigaram by Elango Adigal tells us Madurai, the capital of the Pandya Kings was burnt by kannaki because the king Pandyan Nedunchezhiyan mistakenly killed her husband on theft charges. And also The Ramayana by Valmiki' teaches us that Ravana and his entire family were wiped out because he abducted Sita. Mahabharatha by Vyasa teaches us that all the Kauravas were killed because they humiliated Draupadi in public.

To implant such high ideals in humankind, Indian ancestors created a plethora of godesses who enjoyed equal status with their husbands.

Now the Government also sponsored and passed a law that required all political parties to maintain a count of at least one-third of the total candidates in elections to be women. Anyway, it is horrifying to see that they happen. In the other hand, some wives are burnt because they did not bring enough "dowry. The women are victimized by powerful local political figures and their family; some women are abducted by rich youths with Impunity; and there are credible stories of female infanticide in rural India.

Need to go to university

2006-10-16T04:20:00.000-07:00

There may be many reasons why I would like to go to university. In my visit, I liked the campus and I met some great people. I also feel that the university is a good school for me because it surrounds me with people with the same interests and goals as myself.
I was a hockey player since I was six years old, and it has become part of my life. While attending university, I would like to continue playing, so this was another reason why I am hoping to be accepted here. In those four years of high school hockey I learned that winning wasn’t everything in fact; it was being a by-product of hard work.
Another one hobby of mine during high school was music. I have learned to play guitar at the age of nine, and played in the orchestra at school until my immature year. The reason behind quitting the orchestra was to create more room in my schedule for other classes such as Integrated Computer Literacy Education, Strength and Conditioning, Microsoft Office Professional and also the Desktop Publishing.
I was having good leadership skills, and I was good at helping other people work through their problems.
I felt that university is the right school for me, because it has everything I want. In the high school my hockey team wasn’t that strong and we didn’t win many games.

A Man of all Seasons

2006-10-12T03:12:00.000-07:00

After the pending of nine months in Mrs. Collins’s religion classes there are certain things that I have come to expect. The thing like word cards, calendars, and not an excruciatingly large amount of homework. Comparing to the last 2 months in her class and also, she assigned us a book to read in class and at home. This thing too becomes an alteration from our regular day to day religious teaching.

Through out, I thought A Man for All Seasons was an excellently written play although it lacked some important aspects I think a play or game should have in order to capture an audience of my age group. First consideration is and most prominent in my opinion is excitement or action. Second consideration is the characters in the play were not ones I believed the majority of the congregation could connect or relate with. The final consideration is there were certain characters in the book I felt could have used more developing in the area of character.

Even though the book A Man for All Seasons had some minor setbacks (in my personal opinion), I did feel it was a play written with excellent quality for the enjoyment of the reader. Moreover is then indicted by men of the king and hanged for high treason. The think or thought which is considered hard for some people to relate to the fact of how wealthy these people really were. And also we cannot conjecture the hardship of Sir Thomas More when he resigns from his duty of office.

responsibility of ICRC

2006-08-10T06:24:00.000-07:00

The responsibility of ICRC:

It is responsible for legally recognizing a relief society as being in one of the official national Red Cross or Red Crescent society and thus accepting it into the Movement. The perfect rules for detection are expressed in statutes of the Movement. After the recognition statement by the ICRC, a national society is admitted as a member to the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent societies. With the individual national societies in their international missions the ICRC and the Federation cooperate together. And these individual national societies mean cooperating with their international missions, especially with human, material, and financial resources and organizing on-site logistics.

Super Computer

2006-07-28T05:59:00.000-07:00

A supercomputer is a computer that leads the world in terms of processing capacity and speed of calculation. New York World newspaper in 1929 to refer to a large custom-built tabulators IBM made for Columbia University first used the term “Super Computing”. Super Computers introduced in the year 1960s and were designed by Seymour Cray at Control Data Corporation (CDC), and led the market into the 1970s. The term supercomputer itself is rather fluid, and today's supercomputer tends to become tomorrow's also-ran. Technologies developed for Supercomputers include: Vector processing Liquid cooling Non-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA) Striped disks Parallel file systems Supercomputers traditionally gained their speed over conventional computers through the use of innovative designs that allow them to perform many tasks in parallel, as well as complex detail engineering. They tend to be specialized for certain types of computation, usually numerical calculations, and perform poorly at more general computing tasks. Their memory hierarchy is very carefully designed to ensure the processor; much of the performance difference between slower computers and supercomputers is due to the memory hierarchy. Their I/O systems tend to be designed to support high bandwidth, with latency less of an issue, because supercomputers are not used for transaction processing. Supercomputers are used for highly calculation-intensive tasks such as weather forecasting, climate research (including research into global warming), molecular modeling (computing the structures and properties of chemical compounds, biological macromolecules, polymers, and crystals), physical simulations (such as simulation of airplanes in wind tunnels, simulation of the detonation of nuclear weapons, and research into nuclear fusion), cryptanalysis, and the like. Major universities, military agencies and scientific research laboratories are heavy users.

DIETES GRANDIFLORA

2006-07-19T04:45:00.000-07:00

One of among the plant of Iridaceae family which is native to South Africa is the Dietes grandiflora. But it is cultivated around the world in different place. The Dietes genus flowers differ from irises in having flowers with six free petals that are not joined into a tube at their bases.

2 Port and 8 Port Adapters

2006-06-05T00:56:00.000-07:00

Availability

Effective immediately, the new 2 port adapter and a new 8 port adapter are available for SwyxWare.

Product Details

The ZXS00003 and ZXS00004 terminal adapters refer to the AudioCodes H.323 multi-port gateways which can be used to connect analogue devices such as phones and fax.
The ZXS00013 and ZXS00014 terminal adapters vary from the ZXS00003 and ZXS00004 terminal adapters only in the respect that the new terminal adapters support SIP. The ZXS00013 and ZXS00014 terminal adapters have the same configuration and functionality except for the number of channels that are available.

Part Number Description £ List Price

ZXS00013 IP a/b Adapter 2 Port for SwyxWare (SIP) £259
ZXS00014 IP a/b Adapter 8 Port for SwyxWare (SIP) £859

Pricing

For full details of pricing, resellers should contact iptelecoms.

Notes on compatibility

The new 2 port and 8 port adapters will work with SwyxWare V5.00; they will not work with SwyxWare V4.40 or earlier versions of SwyxWare.

Customer scenarios

1. A customer is running SwyxWare V4.40 with an ‘old’ 2 port or 8 port adapter and upgrades to SwyxWare V5.00. In this scenario, they can continue to use the ‘old’ adapter.
2. From now on, orders for 2 port or 8 port adapters will be fulfilled with the new adapters. (This is on the assumption that the software shipped with the order is V5.00 as it is the current release.)
3. Customers with a 24 port adapter board will not be affected as there is no SIP equivalent so they will continue to connect the a/b adapter via H.323 regardless of the version of SwyxWare they are running.
4. A customer running SwyxWare V4.40 (or earlier/older versions) would like to connect analogue phones to their SwyxWare solution. ‘Old’ adapters will be available for a few months but the customer would be better advised to upgrade to SwyxWare V5.00. This means that customers could take advantage of the new functionality within V5.00 and could have T.38 fax support.

SX2 Dual PRI Card

Availability

Effective immediately, the new SX2 DualPRI card is available for SwyxWare.

Product Details

Key Features of New SX2 DualPRI Card

Up to 4 cards from the SX2 family of products can be installed in one PC. Note: The SX2 DualPRI counts as two cards when installed; it will also show up as two network devices in the windows device administration.Up to 76 B-Channels per PC are supported.

Configuration Examples

1. One SX2 DualPRI card + two SX2 QuadBRI cards.
2. One SX2 DualPRI card + one SX2 DualPRI card with fractional E1 (8channels per PRI).
3. If two SX2 DualPRI cards are installed with 30 channels per PRI, a maximum of 76 B-Channels will be supported.
Each port can be configured separately to TE/NT mode with a Jumper field.
Line-termination (120 Ohm resp. 75 Ohm) is independently selectable for each port. by DIP switch.

Part Number Description £ List Price

EXSG00060SX2 SX2 DualPRI Card (2xPRI) £699

Pricing

For full details of pricing, resellers should contact iptelecoms.

Notes on Compatability

The new SX2 DualPRI card uses a new driver (available on the iptelcoms.com website and included in the SwyxWare V4.40 CD). The board will work with SwyxGate version V4.33 or newer. SX2 DualPRI cards do not support T.30-Fax Transmission, e.g. only SwyxFax V2.00 or newer can run on these cards.

Homeoffersusa

2006-06-05T00:55:00.000-07:00

Online home sales have become more prominent in the real estate field. As per the recent data it’s recorded that most of the prominent states in USA and other prominent states worldwide prefer to sell home fast and therefore look forward for professionals who buy houses for cash and complete the real estate transactions quickly and easily within a short span of time. The deliberate devise of the internet in the web world has fastened the rate of home sales in this way. The online home sales professionals have real estate listings on their site covering most of the prominent states and other provinces worldwide especially USA, UK and Europe.

This novel strategy with which the people can make their home buying and selling process themselves by just sitting at home browsing through the net. This is the best way the buyer or seller prefers without lose of time and energy. More over there is no brokerage commission or any other fees to be paid to the online home sale professionals because they provide all the information’s cost free because they want to achieve a fast rate buying & selling process in the real estate field with their valued customers.

Some of online home buyers buy any type of homes for sales confined to a particular locality. They buy old, ugly, ruined, spoilt, damaged houses which are not preferred by most of the home buyers. They buy houses for cash demanded by the home seller. Home selling process which was very tiresome to people sometime back has now turned to be an easy going process with online home sale experts. In spite of high competition in the real estate field for new houses in most of the important destinies, the online home sales experts have proved to gather more homes in the market. They can easily buy homes for sale in such places.

Any lay man can make the home buying & selling process easy by just gathering the information’s in the internet. The online home sales professionals would be glad to welcome you and find the dream house for you in just few days time. They also give ample information’s regarding the search for a home in a particular city. Nowadays home buyers are very particular in selecting their house and for this reason; most of the online realtors furnish all the details of the house in the real estate listings along with the photos, sketch and maps of the house destined to the particular location within the country. They also help people to find houses in the country where they are recently relocated.

India tourism

2006-06-05T00:54:00.000-07:00

We organize tourism in India, building India tourism a pleasurable affair. We offer variable custom-made travel tour India packages customized to cover Indiana tourism in a more successful way. You can merge into the India culture sports and tourism surrounded by India tour breaks. Toptourguide.com gives you all the information essential for an unforgettable experience in India tourism. Make the best opportunity to tour and travel in India – a country of culture and conditions.

Vacation Villas

2006-06-05T00:53:00.001-07:00

A villa is a luxurious house built for the upper class people of Rome. An ancient author and Natural philosopher Mr. Pliny describes more in writtings about the Roman villas of the empire. He categorises the villas as two types they are the villa urbana and villa rustica. The villa urbana was a country seat which could easily be reached within a night or two from the Rome or another city. And the villa rustica is the farm house estate. These farm house estates are permanently occupied by the servants who had charge generally of the estate, which would center on the villa itself, perhaps these villas are seasonally occupied.

The dwelling quarters, consisting of several low buildings, included recreation facilities and lodgings for the servants. The villa rustica, which is the farmhouse type, had barns, orchards, and vineyards, and the villa urbana type which are used as a pleasure retreat had the incidental garden architecture adorned with fountains and sculptures.

There are other villas that originated during different periods like post-roman villas, renaissance villas, Palladio’s villas, English villas and modern villas.

Florida Lifestyle

2006-06-05T00:53:00.000-07:00

Florida is an enchanting city located in southern United States. This magical land is filled with fun and excitement. Popularly called as “The Sunshine City”, Florida exhibits a wonderful moderate climate through out the year. The major attraction in Florida is its superb weather, this city experiences long and warm summers and cool winters. Extremes of climate are very rare in Florida. This is the reason for the migration of elderly people from the colder northern parts of United States. This pleasant weather also attracts a lot of tourists. The most fascinating aspect of Florida is its diversified cities. Each city located in Florida houses something unique and different.

People flock to Florida not only for its tourist attractions but also for its employment opportunities. Florida presents a variety of job opportunities; this is because mixtures of industries are present in this state. There are many media and gaming industries in various cities in Florida, so people interested in this field come to Florida. This state contains a lot of software and hardware industries, which invites all the software and hardware professionals.

Living in the orange country Florida gives you a fabulous experience. The taxes collected in Florida are, the sales tax, the use tax, intangible tax and the corporate income tax. There is no need to pay the personnel income tax in Florida. Some people consider the cost of living in Florida to be a bit expensive; the housing prices are also high in and around the state of Florida.

All kinds of foodstuffs are available in Florida. Owing to its suitable climate it produces a variety of fruits and vegetables. Florida is the dream place for people from other parts of the world; the reason for this is the breadth taking “Disney Land” in Orlando. This popular attraction point receives more than a million of visitors every year. Florida’s major part of economy comes from the tourists industry, while the other kind of manufacturing industries also give a helping hand.

Since millions of people visit Florida, this state is also filled with restaurants, bars and clubs. Florida contains a large variety of restaurants, and these restaurants serve different cuisines. Nightclubs and bars are also popular in this city.

Florida Vacation Resort

2006-06-05T00:52:00.001-07:00

Florida is the most beautiful state in southeast United States. Florida is situated on the peninsula between the Gulf of Mexico, Atlantic Ocean and Straits of Florida. The Florida also has a Spanish adjective meaning called flowery. Tallahassee is the capital for the state florida. Jacksonville is the largest city in florida. The Florida has a nickname called "The Sunshine State". In United States the Central florida is called the lightning capital. Florida is said to be the most beautiful state in United States. It has various vacation spots like disney land, busch garden, sea world, everglades, florida beaches and many more. Orlando has become the most popular tourist area, because of disney world. As the major attraction is tourism in florida, it plays the major part for improving the florida economy.

Fabvillas

2006-06-05T00:52:00.000-07:00

Florida, being the harbor city invites enormous tourists to spend their holidays in an unimagined way. Authentic Florida will help you discover a new thrill and excitement throughout your vacation in the prominent places of interest such as the Orlando coastline beach, the Disney land, etc, of the sunshine state. Finding the best rentals/villas in such a place in very difficult but the private rentals/villas organizers over there help you to reduce your time in sorting out luxury rentals in such places.

Florida, being an island is simply magnificent surrounded by water. If mankind has thought of a water sport, then it is bound to be available here. Parasailing above the water, skiing on the water and swimming in the water sounds to be a thrilling experience both for the young and the old. Besides all these attractions, finding a comfortable place to stay is a bit tedious process for the visitors. The private luxury rental home owner’s help people discover the luxurious and all expected rentals at affordable rates confined to a particular area. They also offer flexible services to their customers by providing them the best standardized rentals and make them feel it as a home away from home. All the private rentals/villas are confined to the prominent places which make the tourists feel comfortable in sighting through the places in and around Florida.

The tourists will find all the information and details about the privately owned vacation rentals or villas in Florida when they browse online. Many private rentals/villas offer much information on the luxury rental homes with all the needs and standards to satisfy the tourists. They also provide the travelers with certain tips to help them plan their vacation in the new place and suggest visiting nearby places including various new entertainment and activities put forth by some organizations in Florida especially for children. They also offer the tourists with the opportunity of selecting the rental home of their own choice in any prominent locality of their interest. They have flexible rentals to suit all needs whether it being just a couple or the whole extended family. Private vacation rental homes are privately owned and are situated in desirable locations. Their rental homes offer their special attention to the tourists from various parts oft the world who are new to Florida and provide them with all the details that many hotels are unable to offer making a villa holiday a true home from home experience.